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World War II changed Jewish history forever. At the time, Germany’s leader, Adolf Hitler, displayed the most brutal form of anti-Semitism. Jews were killed by gas chambers in Germany. Then in 1947, the United Nations called for Palestine to be divided into two parts, one for the Jews and the other for the Muslims.
People think that Israel is a new country created in 1948, but it is not. In fact, Israel is as old as Judaism itself. The history of Judaism is about 3000 years old, starting from the city of Jerusalem and this city is one of the holiest places of Christianity, Muslim and Judaism. Judaism was started by Prophet Abraham. Both Muslims and Christians believe Prophet Abraham to be a messenger of God, as later Judaism became Christianity and then Islam.
Prophet Abraham’s son’s name was Isaac and his grandson’s name was Ya’qub, also known as Ya’qub. Another name of Jacob was Israel. Jacob had 12 sons and one daughter. These 12 sons formed different Jewish tribes and Jacob gathered these tribes and formed a kingdom called Israel.
One of Jacob’s sons was named Judah, which is why his descendants were called Jews. Their language was Hebrew and their scripture is the Tanak. At that time they lived in the city of Jerusalem and in the territory of Judah. That is, the Jewish state came into being about 2200 years ago, with famous kings like Saul, Isabal, David and Solomon. But after Solomon, this kingdom slowly began to decline and the united Israel was divided into two parts between Israel and Judah.
King David’s Temple of the Jews was demolished
By now the 12 tribes were formed by the son of Jacob, but the Assyrian Empire attacked the city of Jerusalem and the 12 tribes of the Jews were scattered. After that, after the invasion of the Roman Empire in 72 BC, all the Jews migrated here and there around the world. The King David Temple of the Jews was also demolished in this attack and only one wall of the temple remained.
Even today, Jews consider this wall to be the holiest place of pilgrimage. Today it is called the Western Wall and here all Jews bow their heads in prayer. The event of this invasion is called the Exodus. This event is very important for the Jews. Near this western wall, there are both the sacred Alaska Mosque of Muslims and the place where Jesus Christ was crucified.
Jews spread to different places in the world
When the Jews spread to different places in the world, a new term came into existence, which is called anti-Semitism. Its word means ill will toward the Hebrew speaking people, that is, the Jews. A misconception spread about the Jews in the world that they are the most cunning community in the world and that they can deceive anyone. After the Exodus, more Jews immigrated to Europe and America.
Because of anti-Semitism, Jews in many countries had to keep their identity public. Jews who fought in the armies of many European countries had to wear a star on their uniform. This star is called the Star of David and was the identity of the Jews. There was a penalty for Jews hiding their identity and misrepresenting it. All this continued until the time of Theodor Herzl. Theodor Herzl is as revered in Israel as Mahatma Gandhi is in India.
Theodor Herzl had to leave Vienna
Theodor Herzl was born on May 2, 1860. He was a social worker in Vienna, but had to leave Vienna because of anti-Semitism. After this he came to France and started doing journalism here. France lost a war to Russia in the 1890s. In the investigation report of the defeat in this war, the French put the responsibility of the defeat on a Jewish officer, Alfred Dreyfus. For this reason Theodor Herzl covered this story. After this massive example of anti-Semitism, Herzl decided that he would gather all Jews together and form a new nation.
For this he formed an organization called the World Zionist Congress in Switzerland in 1897. Zionist is called Heaven in Hebrew. After this, Jews from all over the world started donating to the World Zionist Congress. All the Jews of the world began to gather under its banner and now the conference was held every year. But in the year 1904, Theodor Herzl died of heart disease. But by then the World Zionist Congress had gained influence among Jews around the world.
Balfour Agreement between Britain and the Jews
Before World War I, the Ottoman Empire extended into present-day Turkey and its surrounding areas. World War I started in 1914. During World War II, the Balfour Accord was signed between Britain and the Jewish people on 2 November 1917. Accordingly, if Britain defeated the Ottoman Empire in war, the Jewish people would be given an independent country in the Palestine region. After this agreement, Jews from other countries of the world began to immigrate to Jerusalem rapidly.
The Zionist Congress felt that if Britain was to fulfill its promise then there must be a large Jewish population in Palestine. But it didn’t happen. Because the British government did not fulfill its promise. He avoided implementing the Balfour Accord citing several reasons. The British did something similar to India that if they won the first world war they would free India, but they didn’t. In such a situation even 20 years after the end of the First World War, the Balfour Agreement could not be implemented and the Second World War began.
World War II changed Jewish history
World War II changed Jewish history forever. At the time, Germany’s leader, Adolf Hitler, displayed the most brutal form of anti-Semitism and nearly 600,000 Jews were killed. Jews were killed by gas chambers in Germany. After the end of World War II, when the whole world came to know about this, everyone’s sympathies turned to the Jews.
That is why in 1947 the United Nations met the Jews’ long-standing demand. The United Nations said that Palestine should be divided into two parts, with one part given to the Jews and the other to the Muslims. Along with this, the city of Jerusalem should be kept as an international city because there are religious places of all three religions, Jews, Christians and Muslims. The Jews liked the plan, but the Muslims were not ready for it. Palestine was once a British colony and in 1947, Britain also liberated Palestine.
Palestine is associated with the Arab countries
Now Palestine was divided into two parts. Palestine was surrounded by Arab countries Jordan, Syria and Egypt. These countries also called this division unfair to Muslims. He said that Muslims never oppressed Jews. European countries and Christians are responsible for atrocities against Jews. In such a situation, if the Jews are to be given a separate country, they should be given a country not in Arabia but in Europe.
This partition started the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which continues to this day. Israel was recognized in 1948 but Palestine has not become a country till date. After the war between Israel and Palestine, Israel has occupied a large part of Jerusalem and built a wall here, and this wall separates the city of Jerusalem from Palestine.
50 thousand Jews came in 4 months
As soon as the new country was formed, Israel asked the Jews to come here and get citizenship, in view of which 50 thousand Jews came here within 4 months. Most of these were survivors of Hitler’s Nazi concentration camps. But by the end of 1951, a total of 687 thousand Jews had arrived. Refugees also came from Arab countries, numbering about 3 lakh. After that, American aid, donations from Jews, and reparations from Germany, along with Jewish hard work, made Israel one of the most powerful nations in the world.
Input: Daya Krishna Chauhan
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