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A report by the European Migration Network has revealed that 40 per cent of women in Germany that are third-country nationals have a high level of education, such as the Arbitur, indicating that the proportion is even slightly higher for women without a migration background.
According to Kaan Atansiev, BAMF researcher and co-author of the study reveals that despite the high level of education, migrant women are less likely to enter the German labour market, especially compared to immigrant men and less often than native-born women, SchengenVisaInfo.com reports.
Some of the reasons that Atansiev lists for this phenomenon include the compatibility dilemma of family, work and fewer childcare options, as well as the obstacles to the recognition of qualifications abroad.
EMN’s report also points out that labour market integration of migrant women is an important topic and some of the barriers that are hampering the process also include language obstacles, lack of awareness of women’s labour market rights, discrimination and lack of social networks.
“It is still the case that migrant women experience a “double disadvantage” in many areas of life because of their gender and their migration background and therefore face particular obstacles to integration. Measures that we name in the study try to break down these hurdles, for example by relieving women in language courses and when taking part in educational measures through supplementary childcare offers,” Atansiev said.
The same pointed out the housing crisis which has impacted not only migrant women but men and native people as well. However, the difference noticed between third-country nationals and German nationals is evident. Refugees often live in cities where less free-living space is available.
Some other key findings from this report include that some positive practices of integration measures were implemented across the Member States, primarily focused to access the labour market and civic integration.
However, the report points out that the majority of the Member States didn’t implement sufficient integration policies to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this category.
The situation of migrant women was addressed as migrants overall or in national policies. Some measures developed targeting women during the pandemic included counselling and multisectoral assistance from NGOs, in addition to residence permit extensions.
The good news is that several Member States are planning new policies or working to change and update the existing ones, in an effort to enhance and stimulate the integration of migrant women.
Women represent 50 per cent of migrants, both globally and in the European Union. In 2020, female migrants account for somewhat less than half (135 million or 48.1 per cent) of all migrants while in 2021, representing more than half (33 million or 51.2 per cent) of all migrants in the EU.
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